영･미 고위공무원단 설립의 역사적 배경에 관한 연구

The purpose of this article is to explore historical background involved in the establishment of the SES of the USA and the SCS of the UK on the basis of historical research method. By the introduction of the SCS, the UK had tried to transform the bureaucratic society which was based on the center of Generalist after the Northcote-Trevelyan Report in 1853 with the improvement of the professionalism and the ability of the management of ranking government official. By the adoption of the SES, the USA could perform the policy of active personnel administration based on the center of management through the guarantee of the status of ranking government official, which is to overcome the limitation of passive merit system formed by Pendleton Act in 1883 and Position Classification Act in 1923. The contributions of this research to Korea in terms of the historical exploration of the establishment background of the SES of the USA and the SCS of the UK are as follows. First, it is necessary to overthrow the bureaucratic structure of the SCS based on the center of Generalist constituted for a long time after the establishment of Korean government. Second, the notion to be stressed is that the operation of the SES should reinforce the capacity of the management of the SCS. Finally, it is necessary to pay close attention that the increase of political influence caused by the adoption of the SCS must not damnify the principle of merit system.