자유민주주의 기틀 - 미국 국가안보 법제에 대한 고찰 -

National security is a concept that a government, along with its parliaments, should protect the state and its citizens against all kind of national crises through a variety of power projections, such as political power, diplomacy, economic power, military might, legislations and so on. National security should be secured for more bigger freedom and human rights in a country. In the United States, national security concept developed mostly after World War II. Initially focusing on military might, it now encompasses a broad range of facets, all of which impinge on the values espoused by the national society. Accordingly, in order to protects national security, a nation needs to possess economic security, energy security, environmental security and finally various legislations which consist of justification of all those measures. Usually, measures taken to ensure national security include using diplomacy to rally allies and isolate threats, marshalling economic power to facilitate or compel cooperation, maintaining effective armed forces, implementing civil defense and emergency preparedness measures, using intelligence services to detect and defeat or avoid threats and espionage, and legislating. National security concerns implicate domestic and international dimensions, legal and policy issues, and technological and philosophical problems. Despite, or perhaps in part because of, these complexities, protecting both the country and the civil rights and liberties of its people are essential. Especially this thesis examines four categories of crimes treason, espionage, sabotage, and terrorism-and the applicable federal statutes available to prosecutors to combat these threats against national security. Nowadays, so called supra-national threats are diverse. It identifies broad threats to the global world: Terrorism, Energy dependency, International Organized Crime, Cyber Security, Weapons of mass destruction(WMD) proliferation those which often involve non-state actors and cross traditional national boundaries. The United States also enacted, many laws which target for combating communism. This article look around those various national security relating laws. This thesis also contains details of the US experiences and intelligence effort. I especially studied the basic justified ideology through the Supreme Court Cases of the United States. This article reviews what our intelligence and security Agencies want to do with the revising and making the so called National Security relating laws. For that reason this article also emphases and makes suggestion to rebuild the whole National Intelligence machinery of the Republic of Korea.