품질경영시스템의 척도개발에 관한 탐색적 연구: ISO9001:2015 개정판을 중심으로

The purpose of this study is to develop a criteria to evaluate Quality Management System (QMS) by generating initial overall items, targeting other ISO management system, such as, U.S. Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Improvement, European Foundation for Quality Management based on a new ISO9001:2015 revised version, and targeting individual items of existing ISO9001 2000/2008 version and past literatures. And this study intends to suggest a standard that can diagnose effective and efficient Quality Management System to companies based on a revision, which reflects a new paradigm of Quality Management System, as existing advanced ISO studies were mostly the research in level of post confirmation after ISO Standard confirmation, and through this the purpose is to develop and provide a tool that can play a role of X-ray required to self-diagnose and analyze selection of priority when a company introduces a new system and where there is a problem. In order to accomplish this research purpose, this study developed Matrix for initial item creation and measurement items for all Pools, and suggest a procedure to develop measurement tools for effective Scale development in each condition, and also analyzed by adding and using the qualitative and quantitative research methods in order to reflect the experts' voices in the field. First, for creation of initial items, this study examined advanced studies judged to have great relevance to other domestic and overseas national quality awards and main items of QMS including main provisions of 2015 revision and QMS 2000/2008 version, main items of EFQM and MB. Second, this study suggested a scale tool development process in order to refine deducted evaluation items, and analyzed contents validity, questions difficulty level, and executed Factor analysis. Third, in order to analyze validity of appraiser and measuring questions this study executed reproducibility analysis through agreement level analysis and Cohen‘s Kappa index among appraiser. Fourth, in order to reflect voices on scenes this study executed case studies by using expert group. Lastly, at 1st stage for analysis of Structural validity this study analyzed a measuring model through Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and at 2nd stage executed significance test between 1st factors and 2nd factors based on reflected index model. For analysis of data this study used Cohen‘s Kappa statistical program AMOS18.0, SPSS22.0. The verification of Structural validity is First, based on the 2015 revised edition, other national systems, previous researches, literatures, and as for the number of items that are initially generated were the total of 405 items. Second, the item difficulty(P) and the Contents Validity Index(CVI) were analyzed based on the number of items initially generated, and the number of items satisfying the item difficulty(P) and the Contents Validity Index was reduced to 89. Third, Factor loadings represent the degree of correlation between each variable and factor, and this study checked that it is being grouped with seven factors as a result of analyzing the varimax rotation. As a result the number of items measured was reduced to 46. Fourth, Structural validity analysis was analyzed through the alignment process with six processes and as a result the number of items measured was reduced to 36. Finally, this study conducted in-depth interviews for case studies. This study deleted the 10 questions of the inappropriate items raised with opposing opinions by examining the status of respondents by latent variable and the holding rate for the inadequate or proper items. As a result, this study suggested final 26 questions after developing 4 questions of Contexts of the Organizational, 4 questions of Leadership, 4 questions of Planning, 4 questions of Support, 4 questions of Operation, 3 questions of Performance evaluation and 3 questions of Improvement.