일터영성이 근로자들의 부적 편향행동에 미치는 영향: 집단주의 성향의 조절효과를 중심으로

Despite the growing number of studies on workplace spirituality, there is still lack of studies that have explored the relationships between workplace spirituality, job attitudes and behaviors. There is a growing interest among researchers in studying workplace deviant behavior because of its increasing prevalence and negative impact on individuals and organizations. The purposes of this present research are to analyze empirically the relationship between workplace spirituality and workplace deviant behavior, also to analyze the moderating effects of the collectivity on the relationships between workplace spirituality and deviant behavior. Data was collected from 290 office workers in 20 companies. This study divided deviant behavior into two types (organizational deviant behavior and interpersonal deviant behavior). Deviant behaviors vary along two dimensions namely, minor versus serious deviance, and interpersonal versus organizational deviance. Examples of minor deviant behaviours include deliberately working slow, leaving the office early and showing favouritism, while examples of serious deviant behaviors include stealing from the company, accepting kickbacks, and endangering co-workers. The results of the study are summarized as followings. First, regression analysis showed that the workplace spirituality was related to employee’s deviant behavior. The result was showed that the workplace spirituality had reduced the worker's two types of deviant behavior. The result was shown workplace spirituality could be a important coping strategy all of deviant behaviors. The results of this research are in line with the previous researches with the same topic. In this research, we have found out that there was a significant negative influence of workplace spirituality and workplace deviant behavior. If an employee has high level of workplace spirituality, the chance of having deviant behaviors is decreasing. Second, collectivism revealed that it had moderating effects in part of the relationships between workplace spirituality and organizational deviant behavior. The result explains that organizational deviant behavior is high level in case of low level of workplace spirituality and collectivism. But it failed to predict moderating effect in part of the relationships between workplace spirituality and individual deviant behavior. However, it is a meaningful effect that collectivism has the moderating effects in the relationship between workplace spirituality and organizational deviant behavior. These findings contributes greatly to the understanding of workplace spirituality within office workers in companies. Most literature on workplace spirituality are generally more theoretical as opposed to empirical and relatively few studies have established the link between workplace spirituality and work attitudes. Although, researchers have stressed the importance of studies on the impact of spirituality on organizational outcomes, such studies are still considered inadequate. Additionally, this paper contributes to extend of research area in spirituality and deviant behavior. Theoretical and practical implications for research on the relationship was discussed. Moreover some limitations and directions for future research are outlined. In this highly competitive environment, generally, it is essential that every organization attain high performance. Because of this pressure, employees are expected to work longer hours and to take fewer holidays since employers are setting targets which are very high and unrealistic for their employees. This situation results in greater anxiety and stress among employees which may in turn result in poor job performance, poor family and social relations, and poor health, which in turn increase the level of workplace deviant behavior. Workplace Spirituality can play an important role in overcoming this problem. Therefore, it is important to create a culture of spirituality at the workplace.