COVID-19 발생에 따른 국내 항공사의 경영 효율성 분석

Due to the outbreak of COVID-19 in December 2019 and the worldwide spread in early 2020, quarantine authorities in each country restricted the entry of foreigners to prevent the spread of infection. As a result, according to the International Air Transport Association, the number of passengers by airlines worldwide decreased, resulting in a 76% decrease in air passenger demand compared to the previous year. Therefore, in this paper, we compared quarterly management efficiency of airlines in Korea due to the impact of COVID-19 and confirmed what management strategies were implemented to prevent the efficiency from being lowered. For this purpose, from 2018 to the first quarter of 2021, financial information of full service carrier and low-cost airline was used to analyze the efficiency through the Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA). As a result of the analysis, Korean Air, a full service carrier, operated passenger aircraft as cargo-only passenger flight after the second quarter of 2020, which was directly affected by COVID-19. The cargo sector during the COVID-19 pandemic showed higher efficiency than in 2019, when the U.S.-China trade dispute and increased uncertainty over Britain's exit from the European Union. In the case of Jeju Air, a low-cost airline, the efficiency of the passenger sector was high as a result of significantly reducing the supply for international flights and focusing on domestic flights.