남녀 대학생의 리더십 역량 강화를 위한 긍정심리자본 활용 방안

This study aims to analyze the effect of college students' positive psychological capital on their leadership competencies according to gender, and to propose ways to utilize positive psychological capital to enhance leadership competencies. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on college students enrolled in four-year universities, and a total of 305 valid responses were analyzed. The collected data were processed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS 20.0 program. The research results are as follows. First, for male students, self-efficacy and hope had a positive effect on self-management and strategic thinking, and hope had a positive effect on relationship building. Second, for female students, self-efficacy, hope, optimism, and resilience had a positive effect on self-management; optimism and resilience had a positive effect on strategic thinking; and self-efficacy and optimism had a positive effect on relationship building. The study results showed that while positive psychological capital had a generally significant effect on leadership competencies, the patterns of psychological resources at play differed between male and female students. Accordingly, it is believed that a differentiated approach considering gender characteristics is necessary in education for cultivating college students' leadership competencies. A goal-oriented leadership education centered on self-efficacy and hope is considered effective for male students, while an emotion-oriented educational approach centered on optimism and resilience is considered effective for female students. Furthermore, rather than cultivating leadership competencies that are divided by gender characteristics, we encourage an integrated program that acknowledges the differences in psychological resources according to gender while enabling the balanced development of positive psychological capital to cultivate comprehensive leadership competencies. This study is significant in that it established a theoretical and practical foundation for leadership education by analyzing the effects of positive psychological capital on leadership competencies according to gender in a detailed manner. We hope that based on this research, a balanced and integrated perspective on leadership will be provided to college students, contributing to the establishment of a healthy vision for future leadership.