지속가능성 공시제도 연구: EU 택소노미 공시를 중심으로

The European Union(EU) has established the EU Taxonomy to define environmentally sustainable economic activities and requires companies to disclose the proportion of their operations aligned with this taxonomy. This disclosure framework is intended to redirect capital flows toward green activities and to influence investment decisions by market participants. This study analyzes the structure of the EU Taxonomy disclosure system and its practical application through corporate case studies. Based on these insights, the study presents policy recommendations for introducing a disclosure regime linked to Korea’s Green Taxonomy. Specifically, it proposes: (1) adopting simplified disclosure indicators centered on turnover as a single KPI during the initial implementation phase; (2) incorporating an eligibility assessment phase in addition to the existing alignment evaluation, with a transitional period focusing solely on eligibility disclosures; (3) phasing in mandatory disclosure obligations, starting with listed large corporations; and (4) implementing policy incentives to encourage voluntary corporate participation. The study offers three main contributions. First, it provides a structured analysis of a concrete institutional framework —namely, the EU Taxonomy—focusing on accounting-based metrics such as turnover, CapEx, and OpEx. Second, it proposes a stepwise implementation strategy grounded in Korea’s institutional capacity rather than direct adoption. Third, by presenting an integrated perspective that links environmental performance with financial reporting, the study expands the scope of accounting research to include the quantification and disclosure of non-financial information relevant to corporate sustainability.