TQM 지향적 학교경영과 교육성과에 관한 중등교육기관별 비교연구

High school students in the advanced countries including the United States have been raised by high quality educational systems. A new management approach of Total Quality Management(TQM) has been applied to improve the educational systems’ performance in these countries for the last two decades.TQM has not been applied in the Korean education system. It is because the educational services in Korea have been traditionally performed by the centralized education systems, emphasizing on the teachers oriented mind. As the market of educational services is now opened and the customer-centered education mind has been emphasized, the traditional educational environments have been changed in Korea. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of TQM oriented school management and to provide implications for the successful strategies of TQM application to Korean middle and high schools management. This study was conducted on the middle and high schools of Korea. The analyses in the level of organization were conducted. First, to find out whether the effect of TQM application on educational systems is positive, samples were divided into the TQM oriented school group and non-TQM oriented school group. This study investigated the differences in educational performance between two groups. The results of the study showed that school service among educational performance factors was greatly influenced by TQM oriented school management. As the post hoc analyses for these results, MANOVA was utilized on 5 TQM implementation factors. This was performed to examine the differences in educational performances between two groups of the private schools and the public schools. The public schools implemented TQM oriented school management more than private schools. In addition, the result of a t-test showed that the public schools achieved higher educational performance in terms of school service than the private schools. According to the result of the second MANOVA, No significant difference in TQM oriented school management was found between the academic high schools and the technical & commercial high schools. The results of another two t-tests showed that academic high schools achieved higher educational performance in terms of the students’ loyalty than technical & commercial high schools and technical & commercial high schools showed higher level of satisfaction with educational services. The result of the third MANOVA, showed that no significant difference in TQM oriented school management was found between the schools in Seoul & newly developed towns(Bundang, Pyeongchon, Ilsan, Jungdong) of the metropolitan region and the schools in other areas. The result of the fourth t-test showed that the schools in Seoul & newly developed towns(Bundang, Pyeongchon, Ilsan, Jungdong) of the metropolitan region achieved higher academic record in schools of Seoul & new towns than the schools in other areas. Summarizing the results of the analyses mentioned above, only school service performances among educational performances were greatly influenced by TQM oriented school management in Korea. Public schools, which are more TQM oriented than private schools, achieved higher school service performances than private schools. This means that the principals of public schools can perform customer oriented educational services more independently than those of private schools. Thus, this study suggests that it be necessary to innovate the Korean educational system, and to encourage the principals of the Korean private schools to perform educational services more independently without strong control of the school board.