노동조합이 기업의 유연화에 미친 영향 분석

The Effects of Unions on Labor FlexibiltySi-Kyoon LeeJung-Woo KimSince the late 1980s, labor flexibility has been promoted at the national and corporate level in various ways, exerting great influence on workplaces in Korea. Despite the existing various theoretical arguments on how the unions in Korea have affected labor flexibility, most of them failed to carry out an empirical analysis with plausible results. Using the third wave workplace panel survey, this paper analyzed empirically the effect of unions on functional and numerical flexibility. According to the Core-Periphery model and high performance paradigm, the effect of unions on functional flexibility would be positive. However, the unions effect would be negative if the research is based on Neo-Fordist labor process theory. And while the insider-outsider hypothesis argues that the effect of unions on numerical flexibility would be positive, the bargaining power hypothesis argues that unions would restrain numerical flexibility such as hiring and using contingent workers. Based on the results of empirical analyses, this study finds that the effect of unions on functional flexibility are statistically insignificant. With other variables controlled, the effect of unions on functional flexibility was insignificant, showing that the arguments of both the high performance paradigm and Neo-Fordist labor process theory could not be proved. Meanwhile, as a result of using advanced model (treatment effect model using endogenous dummy variables), the effect of union was negatively associated with numerical flexibility(the use of contingent workers). This result supports the bargaining power hypothesis which argues that the unions would restrain the use of contingent workers in order to maintain and strengthen bargaining power, rather than the insider-outsider hypothesis.