일본 범죄수익몰수체계의 신동향

Currently in Japan, the efforts to disrupt terrorist financing are being driven based on relevant laws and regulations by central government agencies such as Ministry of Finance, Financial Service Agency, and Japan Financial Intelligence Office(JAFIO). Equivalent to FIU, JAFIO are responsible for receiving reports of suspected transactions, collecting/analyzing financial information, collecting/arranging/analysing financial agency-provided report information on money laundering or terrorist financing, and providing the Prosecutor's Office with information on suspected transactions involving criminal cases. JAFIO's missions also include establishing/implementing anti-money-laundering measures for almost all financial service and credit agencies, guiding them in working out appropriate supplementary measures, and supervising their observance of the duties imposed by the anti-organized crime law. Through regular information exchange with financial organizations and cooperation with investigating authorities, JAFIO is working on developing effective anti-money-laundering measures and properly using the suspected transactions report system. Meanwhile, Ministry of Finance has the authority to freeze terrorist funds. The FATF Special Recommendations on the anti-terrorist headquarters' efforts to disrupt terrorist financing are part of efforts to fundamentally reorganize the existing system for disrupting terrorist financing and money laundering. The existing system lays stress on the flow of funds while the new law system views terrorist financing and money laundering as criminal acts. This issue should be given in-depth consideration when we develop a terrorist-financing disruption system to undermine the financial basis for terrorist activities.