순응자 일탈에 대한 중화기술의 영향에 관한 연구

This paper examines the effects of neutralization techniques on the phenomenon of “deviance by conformists”, i.e. deviant behaviors occasionally committed by people who are fully adapted to the conventional society. As the object of this study, we have selected six among neutralization techniques developed for other patterns of deviant behavior from which effects on deviance by conformists are expected. They are denial of injury, denial of victim, denial of responsibility, condemnation of condemners, metaphor of ledger, and defense to ubiquity. Through a theoretical examination, we will lay stress on two points: Neutralization techniques are a variable which causes the readiness to deviance, not a variable which directly produces deviant behaviors; especially in context of deviance by conformists, neutralization should be understood as a norm erosion process. As a proper inquiry method for the purpose of this study, we propose a method with a cross-sectional survey design. This method enables us to seize the moment of neutralization producing the readiness to deviance as well as the neutralization as a part of a norm erosion process. We have conducted a survey of 318 law-abiding citizens in which we examine the effects of individual neutralization techniques on the deviance by conformists. Twelve logistic regression analyses revealed that the techniques of condemnation of condemners and metaphor of ledger play an important role in causing deviance by conformists. These results suggest that a kind of de-neutralization strategies could contribute to the reduction of deviance by conformists through lowering the neutralization degree. More concretely, the relation between individuals and the society should be ameliorated in order to de-neutralize the technique of condemnation of condemners and that of metaphor of ledger.