이익감소회피 이익조정 탐지를 위한 회계이익ㆍ과세소득 차이 변수의 유용성

Since GAAP provides managers accounting discretion more than tax law does, they have a tendency to increase accounting earnings without influencing taxable income. Due to this type of manager's discretion, the temporary difference between accounting earnings and taxable income(book-tax difference) comes out. In general, temporary difference is mainly the result of managers' discretion to increase earnings and it can be used as a proxy for earning management. Out of temporary differences, deferred tax liability is shown when accounting earnings are greater than taxable income due to temporary difference to be added in future periods and can be used to manage earnings. This study investigates the usefulness of book-tax difference measures on detecting earnings management to avoid an earning decline and their incremental effect in addition to accrual measures. In this paper book-tax difference(BTD), temporary difference(TD), deferred tax liability(DTL), changes in net deferred tax liability(NDTL: changes in deferred tax liability minus changes in deferred tax asset), and deferred tax expense(DTE: changes in deferred tax expense via temporary difference in disclosure) are defined as proxies for earnings management. Earnings management companies are decided by the methodology used in Burgstahler and Dichev(1997). This study analyzes the usefulness of book-tax difference and accrual measures on detecting earnings management by comparing a group of earnings management companies with a control group of companies. The result shows that both accrual measures and book-tax difference measures are useful on detecting earnings management. Additional analysis of a binary logistic regression is processed to check the incremental effect of book-tax difference measures to accrual measures on detecting earnings management. Test result shows that in earnings change dimension DTL, BDT, NDTL, and DTE are significant in the order listed.