전자적 조직간 협력관계, 관계통제 방안과 기업성과 간의 관련성 연구 -제조기업을 중심으로-

This study empirically investigated the relationships among inter-organizational contextual factors(assets specificity, long-term orientation and interdependence). communication media (traditional communication media and inter-organizational information systems). information exchange between trading partners. and inter- organizational control devices(performance, behavior and social control). and the effects of their relationships on the inter-organizational performance and the production performance of a firm. Previous researchers have examined and identified suitable inter-organizational control devices under various conditions of inter-organizational contextual factors. However. in prior studies. both the exchange of information and the performance of a firm have never been considered in their relationship model. Since the exchange of information can affect the type of inter- organizational control devices employed. the exchange of information must be incorporated in the relationship between inter-organizational contextual factors and control devices. Data for this study were drawn from a survey of the current status of information exchange in Korean manufacturing firms. 500 organizations were randomly selected from a population of approximately 1.000 finns that are listed on the Korean stock market. First. the chief factory managers(executives) of the selected firms were contacted to ask for their participation in the research. Initially. 137 organizations responded to requests for information. However, during the survey, 123 firms were finally included in the study. In order to collect data. Questionnaires were administered to the participating firms. Only chief factory managers(executives) were selected as respondent s since they well understand the conditions of contextual factors. the exchange of information and their firm's performance. The survey was conducted during a three-month period between July 2007 and September 2007. Item analyses were performed with Cronbach Alpha coefficients for all multi-item scale measurements. All Alpha coefficients were above 0.6 except for social control. which is considered to be satisfactory for the reliability of a multi-item scale. The results of the principal component analysis with a varimax rotation and the confirmatory factor analysis to verify the construct validities of the questionnaire items were also satisfactory. In this study. kinds of information exchanged between trading partners were classified into two broad types : transaction information and management information. We employed multiple regression analyses to investigate the impact of inter-organizational contextual factors on the exchange of information. The results showed that assets specificity and long-term orientation have a significant positive impact on the exchange of management information. However. in the exchange of transaction information. only the effect of assets specificity was significant. These results may demonstrate that to reduce the risk of opportunistic behavior of partners that is caused by high assets specificity and to increase the level of cooperation between trading firms th at is required by long-term orientation. a large amount of information must be communicated between trading partners. This study analyzed the effects of inter-organizational information systems(IOSs) and traditional communication media(TCM) on the amount of information exchanged. The results of stepwise regression analyses showed that the usage of IOSs the first significant influence factor and TCM are the second influence variable on the amount of transaction information communicated. However. the results represented that the first significant influence factor on the exchange of management information is not a rich medium but lean ross such as e-mail. In this study. these unexpected results can be explained by the widespread use of e-mail and electronic data interchange in manufacturing firms and by the interpretive perspective. We also employed multiple regression analyses to examine the effects of inter-organizational contextual factors on the use of control devices. According to the results of this study, it was demonstrated that asset s specificity and long-term orientation significantly affect the use of formal control devices(performance and behavior control), and interdependence has a significant impact on the use of formal and informal control(social control). With mediated regression analyses. the indirect effects of inter-organizational contextual factors on the use of control devices through the exchange of information were also confirmed. Thus, it is proposed that the developments of suitable inter-organizational control devices according to the conditions of inter-organizational contextual factors can be attained through the exchange of information. Finally. through multiple regression analyses. it was found that the exchange of information and the control devices have positive effects on the improvement of production and inter-organizational performance. In examining the impact of information exchanged on t he dimensions of production performance. the results of th is study indicated that management information has a positive impact on increased flexibility and quality improvement. Concerning a high dependability of supply. only the effect of transaction information was significant and positive. However. the effects of the two types of information on cost reduction were not significant. Thus. based on these results. it is suggested that different kinds of information influence different dimensions of organizational performance. With mediated regression analyses. the indirect impact of information exchange on inter-organizational performance through the control devices was significant and positive. This result implies that the interrelationships between information exchange and control devices must be considered all together to improve inter-organizational performance.