문화국가의 구현과 문화분권 - 부산문화재단의 설립에 즈음하여 -

In our nation, ever since the practical local governance began in 1995, each local government entity has been competitively holding festivals for strategic purposes such as establishment of local identity, development of regional culture, revitalization of local economy and improvement in the image. That is, local festivals lack distinction as in the expression “poverty in the midst of plenty” and accompany negative evaluations in terms of security of local identity, possession of culture and improvement in life quality. In addition, virtuous festivals are being held in excess. If such situation had been generalized, there must be improvements in laws and policies on cultural administration of local government entities under the presumption of cultural decentralization. On one hand, France revised its Constitutional Law in 2003 to regulate a new statement of “National organization of France is based on local decentralization” in Article 1 Clause 4, clarifying decentralization of France. Here, realization of cultural state and the meaning of cultural decentralization based on characteristics of each region must be reviewed. Assuming a cultural state, if cultural area is the basic cultural right generally taken by citizens, cultural decentralization refers to local decentralization from cultural perspective. That is, the problem of 「cultural decentralization」 is not a merciful consideration by the state but the recovery of local autonomy that had been lost.