우리나라 수형자 사회복귀과정의 단계와 지원 방안

This study is to explore how treatment by stages in the reentry process should be provided to prisoners and prison-based treatment and community-based treatment should be linked in order to prevent reoffending and to support the successful reentry of releasers from prison. Based on 'Reentry Partnership Initiatives(RPI)' model in U.S.A., Reentry treatment system fall into three distinct but intertwined phases: institutional, structured reentry, and community reintegration. The focus of the reentry treatment is mainly lied in the 1st phase (institutional stage) while the 2nd and 3rd phases remain inactive in Korea. This is due to the reentry treatment being focused on imprisonment period without intimate interconnection with the community-based treatment. Above all it is a big problem that the pre-release education remains poor. Treatment by stages in the reentry process must be improved. ①institution stage: specific classification for individual treatment, extension of the work release and the social treatment, enhancement in vocational training system, collaborative involvement of community resources and the civic groups in the correctional facility, ②structured reentry stage: systematic and structured pre-release education, ③community reintegration stage: making intensive partnership among the key criminal justice agencies and community. At the same time, it's necessary to enforce the initiative model such as 'Multi Agency Public Protection Arrangements(MAPPA)' to supervise and control the high-risk criminals for public safety.