제헌헌법의 同和主義 이념과 역사적 의의

This paper aimed mainly at making clear the idea of the First Constitution of Korea from the standpoint of the original intent, and evaluating its meaning in historical context. In the paper, I qualified the idea of the Constitution as ‘Donghwa(同和)-ism', which consisted of mixed elements of republicanism and totalitarianism. It was explained to pursue ‘nation-good(民族善)’, compared to ‘common good' in republicanism. Nation good, as a cause, asked for strong material equality of all the nationals in every areas as well as independence and strength of nation-state. As a result, Donghwa- ism was approaching to totalitarianism beyond republicanism, but not so close to become the same as totalitarianism, thanks to the block of its third element, liberal democracy in the meaning of anti- communism. I tried to show that Donghwa-ism was the historical result of the previous idea of Samgyun(三均)-ism coupled with anti-communism, and railed the development of the Korean constitutional idea thereafter. But it was likely to be losing its idea-regulating force in recent times. I saw it was a reason why Korea was in the confusion of constitutional ideas.