일제시기 이주어촌 ‘방어진’과 지역사회의 동향

The Migrant Fishing Village “Bangeujin” and the Trends of a Local Community under the Japanese Imperialism Lee, Hyun-Ho Bangeujin was the typical migrant fishing village built by the Japanese from the end of Daehan Emperor through the Japanese Imperialism. People dwelled in Bangeujin as a free migrant fishing village at first, then a supplementary migrant fishing village affected it. At last it turned out to be developed as a free migrant fishing village. The fishing resources was the most factor to influence and change Bangeujin to the free migrant one. It was from 1900s to the early 1910s that in Bangeujin had there been the golden age of scombers and, from the middle of 1910s to the middle 1920s that so had been of mackerel. However, Those Bangeujin's best days was to drop the curtain as the capitalistic fishery developed, such as the motorization of fisher boats, the enterprising of fishery and the inshore fishing representing the purse-seine boats for scomber fishing. While it happened, the fish carrier on behalf of Nakabe Ikujiro based on their fishing industry in Bangeujin and was grown into the massive fishery capitalist. In the process of Bangeujin's development as a migrant fishing village, two people, Aida Eikichi and Nakabe Ikujiro played a very main part. Additionally Nakabe Ikujiro made Bangeujin as his own Hayashikane Fishery Company's small town. And also this resulted in the construction of Bangeujin's breakwater. In the meantime, the Koreans, Chosun people, as they was called, working at the fishery, moved and moved again into Bangeujin as it turned to be the colonial developed fishing port. During that modern upheaval by Japanese people the changes of community power was provoked by the social and economic centralization of Bangeujin, such as the myoen office's movement, the movement of public elementary schools governed by the Japanese, the election of a myoen council members as a colonial indirect organization, the fishery association's movement to Bangeujin and the regulation by the government-appointed trustee. That is to say, the traditional central area had gone downhill and a colonial migrant fishery village was substituted by the Japanese as a center of the community.