기술혁신이 구조적 실업에 미치는 영향:패널연구

Since the foreign exchange crisis at the end of 1997, the Korean economy has experienced a sharp increase in its unemployment rate. In addition, the structural change of industry and companies catalyzed by the rapid and pervasive technological change seems to have made the unemployment-related situation more difficult. So, it is necessary to investigate what the true reason of increasing unemployment is in the Korean economy. In this study we examine the impact of technological innovation on structural unemployment in Korea. Focus in particular is on the argument that an increase in the pace of technological change has been responsible for Korea's increasing unemployment. Some economic theories are outlined in which such a possibility could arise, and then a variety of technological innovation and labor market data for Korea are examined to see the trends and relationship between technological innovation and structural unemployment. Based on the survey of technological innovation and structural unemployment trends in Korea, an equilibrium model of the labor market is developed to analyze the impact of economic factors on structural unemployment. Using the qualitative analysis of the model the theoretical model is transformed into an econometric panel model. The data is used to make the analysis is Korean industry-related data from 1990 to 2003, such as R&D investment, wage, industry size, and separation rate. It was found that there is consistent evidence that technological innovation has a positive impact on structural unemployment in Korea over the 1990～2003 period. But, wage, industry size and separation rate are found to have a negative impact on structural unemployment.