한국의 민주화 과정과 시민사회 -사회자본의 기제로서 시민단체의 역할 변화를 중심으로-

Since the 'June 29th Declaration of Democratization' in 1987, Korean society has experienced a period of sweeping changes. The changes have not been merely a reflection of the passage of time, but fundamental transformation of the very principles that steer our society. Over twenty years have passed and there appears to be no end to times of exhilarating changes. The old mind set of the period preceding 1987 collapsed swiftly and the search for a new paradigm still continues through a variety of initiatives and reforms as democratization celebrates. Korea is now on the road to democratic transition. The authoritarian regime, which have looked so strong, have come to an end and it is in the process of the democratic transition. This essay offers historical views and the framework for an explanation which can be applied to the preparatory and phase of democratization: the cause of legitimacy crisis with regard to the start of democratization, the process of mobilization in respect to the driving force of democratization In conclusion, democratization is a political process that reveals the structured contingency, in which the political elites of the authoritarian regime as well as the democratization camp may have an unintentional role in the decision phase of democratization. This is largely owing to the fact that in such a fluid and uncertain environment, the political elites may momentarily or mistakenly commit themselves to democratization. Korean civic groups have historically had a strong influence in political/ public affairs and have received significant recognition for their achievements. Under the new administration, Korea is currently experiencing a new shift in its democratization. As the country is moving toward more democratic governance, from authoritarian regimes, civic groups in Korean society meet new challenges.