중국헌법상의 전국인민대표대회의 헌법적 지위에 관한 고찰

China has fulfilled representative democracy via the National People's Congress (NPC) system, which, based on nationals' sovereignty and representative system, is characterized by democratic justification. Namely, the National People's Congress, the organ through which people exercise state power, is composed of deputies elected by the people for whom it takes sole responsibility. Hence, it organizes and supervises other state organs on behalf of the people. Although it contributes to increasing the state operation efficiency, the NPC system permits the ruling party to control the country more readily. In most cases, it serves as a tool for the ruling party to tighten the control over the state from the outset and then is gradually converted to democratization form with the elevation of the people's democratic awareness and the establishment of legal institutions. In the early years, the NPC of China sought out pro forma democracy under the CPC Central Committee's direct leadership, and endowed the ruling party with legality to govern the state. But the combination of democratic perfection and economic construction development increasingly shaped it into an authentic autonomous legislation guided by both policies and personel of the CPC Central Committee. Especially some radical changes have put China on the way to a legal state, ranging from the power extension of the Standing Committee of the NPC to wide publicity given to exercising legislative and supervisory power to authoritativeness enhancement. These amazing changes are of special significance since the NPC system of the People's Republic of China is regarded as a striking example of other state's socialist system.