범죄현상에 관한 사회생태학적 접근 : 지역요인 간의 관계를 중심으로

The current study focuses on the complex relationship among social disorganization,collective efficacy, disorder and victimization in an urban setting. We have used the structural equation model with ‘2008 Korean Crime Victimization Survey(KCVS)’ data from a nationally representative sample of South Korean in the big cities to investigate the rate of hidden crimes, fear of crime and diverse measures of neighborhood factors such as SES, residential instability,types of dwelling house, collective efficacy, social and physical disorder. Findings indicate that firstly, the causal relationship between neighborhood factors showed more explicit effects on the household victimization, rather than the personal victimization. Second, social cohesion showed strong negative relationship to residential instability and participation also had an negative effect on disorder. The apartment rate in neighborhoods had only negative effect on household victimization. Third, in terms of the difference conditioned by SES, neighborhoods with lower SES are more likely to be influenced by factors than those with higher SES. The results of this study suggest that the approaches of social ecology such as social disorganization theory, systematic theory, collective efficacy theory and disorder theory are more likely to be applied to the neighborhoods with lower SES.