스웨덴 코하우징의 물리적 환경 디자인 평가

Cohousing project has been evolved as an alternative housing to reduce housework for working women, and to reduce loneliness for the elderly in order to adjust people’s needs of modern society. From the view point of age, there are two different types of cohousing in Sweden. One is the +40 cohousing in which residents are supposed to be aged at least 40 or over and to be a couple or single without any cohabitant children at home. The other is the mixed-age cohousing in which diverse households can reside without age limit. This paper aims to find out evaluation and satisfaction level at the physical environment design and its difference by cohousing types in Swedish cohousing projects. 12 cohousing projects nationwide including 4 of the +40 cohousing and 8 of the mixed-age cohousing were surveyed by questionnaire. 242 data were collected and analyzed by SPSS program. The findings are as follows. Satisfaction level is high in both types, showing no remarkable differences between the two cohousing types, though slightly higher satisfaction level is found in the +40 cohousing than in the mixed-age cohousing. This reason might origin from the fact that most of the +40 cohousing buildings are newer than the mixed-age cohousing. Nevertheless, there might be a hidden reason. The fact that most of the residents in the +40 cohousing are more actively participated in shared activities and more satisfied at their living situation might affect higher satisfaction level at the physical environment design as well.