영국의 정치적 시민권과 재외국민 선거권, 1985-89 －지역주의와 초국가주의의 교차로－

The British franchise was extended in 1985 for a period of 5 years (which was extended to 20 years in 1989 and then reduced down to 15 years) to British citizens who were resident abroad and yet still kept a high degree of strong interest in and diverse material and psychological ties with Britain. One of the particular features of the overseas franchise was/is trans-nationalism, since it was/is extended crossing national border(s). Such a transnational overseas franchise was not so much based on nationality of a modern nation state as on its sub-national space: traditional localism/locality. In other words,the logical base of the British overseas franchise was whether those citizens resident abroad had been registered in the past at a particular address and thus to one of the constituencies in Britain -local residential qualification. The idea of the local residential qualification was also considered the best way of verifying the degree of such interest and ties as mentioned above. Modern British political citizenship cannot be naturally identified with a national category forged by a modern nation state. It was/is closely related with traditional localism/locality. Actually, the idea of the local residential qualification mainly derived from the historical feature of the system of British parliamentary democracy and franchise. What the system has essentially represented were/are places or spaces like constituencies; more specifically, local communities rather than individuals comprising the state. In the meantime, other factors such as sacrifice and service to the state, work and employment, paying taxes which were suggested as other logical bases of the overseas franchise, were all discarded as administratively impracticable or anachronistically discriminating