조세회피와 재무-세무보고이익 차이에 관한 실증연구

The objective of this study is to examine if book-tax differences are good metrics to detect tax avoidance and tax evasion. Categorizing firms levied penalty taxes into two-ones which avoided and evaded taxes and the others which did not, this study investigates the difference between book-tax differences of the former and those of the latter using binomial logistic regression. This study also tests significance of the relationship between the size of tax avoidance and book-tax differences using penalty taxes as a proxy of the size of tax avoidance and tax evasion. First, this study finds that book-tax differences and tax avoidance and tax evasion have a positive relationship with statistical significance. A simple comparison test (T-test) also shows that book-tax differences are larger in case of firms which avoided and evaded taxes. Second, if it estimates taxable incomes using temporary differences out of annual business income, a positive relationship is found between book-tax differences and tax avoidance and tax evasion. These results show that book-tax differences and tax avoidance and tax evasion are significantly positively related. The contributions of this study are twofold. By presenting an empirical evidence of the usefulness of book-tax differences for identifying tax avoidance and tax evasion it provides an empirical basis to unverified general belief and previous studies which simply substitute book-tax differences for tax avoidance and tax evasion.