공급사슬 통합과 기업 성과의 관계: 기업 규모의 조절효과

While the supply chain management literature is piled regarding the benefits of supply chain integration on performance, the structure of detailed dimensions and the impact of such integration dimensions on firm performance remains largely an unexplored area of research. Based on the literature review regarding supply chain integration and strategic theories including resourcebased view, relational view, and extended resource-based view, this study categorize the supply chain integration as three dimensions: internal integration, supplier integration, and customer integration. We hypothesize that the internal integration is an antecedent of the other integration dimensions. Further we hypothesize that while there may be no direct benefit of internal integration on performance, the internal integration might support supplier integration and customer integration in the supply chain, which in turn might impact firm performance. Finally, we hypothesize that there is moderating effect of firm size on the relationship between supply chain integration and firm performance. In other words, the significance of paths among the supply chain integration and firm performance can be differed according to the firm size. To examine our hypotheses, we collected data of 193 firms from 22 manufacturing industries. In order to assess the validity and reliability of constructs, we examined composite reliability,average variance extracted, and Cronbach's alpha for every constructs. The results showed that all constructs are reliable and valid. To test the research hypotheses, a structural model is provided and tested whether the structural path coefficients were significant. To confirm the fitness of our structural model, we compared it with the other alternative models. Based on the goodness of fit and parsimonious indices, we confirmed that our model is the best fit among others. In order to test the moderating effect of firm size, we categorized the data based on the firm size into two groups: a larger firm and a smaller firm group. Finally, we used a structural equations modeling program, AMOS 18.0, to analyze the significance of difference of hypothesized paths between the two groups. Based on the analysis, we empirically showed that supply chain integration is composed of three dimensions as suggested: internal integration, supplier integration, and customer integration. Our analyses also showed that there was no direct benefit of internal integration on firm performance; however the internal integration supported customer integration and supplier integration, which in turn increased the firm performance. Further, there is moderating effect of firm size on the relationship between supplier integration and firm performance as well as customer integration and firm performance. In a larger firm group, a coefficient of a path from customer integration to performance was significant while that from supplier integration to performance was not. Conversely, in a smaller firm group, a coefficient of a path from supplier integration to performance was significant while that from customer integration to performance was not. It showed that there is a significant difference in the relationship between supply integration and firm performance according to the firm size. Practical and academic contribution of this study can be stated as follows. First, we confirmed that supply chain integration was composed of three discriminate constructs: internal integration,supplier integration, customer integration. Second, since the internal integration is a precedence of the other two dimensions, a manager should focus on the internal integration at first and then turn his or her efforts on the external integration practices. Finally, we revealed that there was a difference of relationship between supply chain integration and firm performance according to firm size. This result contribute to operations management consistency research and provides theory-driven and empirically proven explanations for managers to differentiate the effects of supply chain integration efforts under different firm sizes.