이산화탄소 지중저장의 환경 관리를 위한 미국과 유럽연합의 법·제도 현황과 시사점

Though geologic storage of CO2 (GS) is considered as an attractive technological option to enormously reduce greenhouse gases emission into the atmosphere, many concerns on potential environmental and health risks associated with CO2leakage have been raised. In particular, groundwater contamination due to the brine displacement by a pressure build-up and the acidification by leaked CO2 is paid a special attention. Therefore, integrated regulatory frameworks have been established by law in many countries to secure the permanent containment of injected CO2. Regulatory frameworks deal with entire processes of GS, including site selection, monitoring and post-closure environmental management. This review paper provides a summary of regulatory frameworks in USA (U.S. EPA Geologic Sequestration Rule) and EU (Geologic CO2 Sequestration Directive). The regulatory framework to properly address environmental issues should be established for the deployment of CCS projects in Korea.