로테르담 규칙상 중재합의에 관한 법적 검토

The newly adopted Rotterdam Rules in 2008 by UN has a substantive provisions on arbitration while allowing the cargo claimant to choose where it takes place. A distinction is also made between liner trade and non-liner trade. It was recognised that in non-liner trade ‘recurse to arbitration under charterparties and charterparty bills of lading was not common’, whereas the liner industry ‘had never made broad use of arbitration’. Article 75 permits the parties to refer any dispute that may arise relating to the carriage of goods under the Rotterdam Rules to arbitration. The key question is where that arbitration takes place. To a large extent mirroring the provisions on court jurisdiction, Chapter 15 again draws a distinction between volume contract and other contracts. The parties may agree to resolve a dispute by arbitration in any place after a dispute has arisen. Article 76 provides that nothing in the Rotterdam Rules affects the enforceability of an arbitration clause in a contract of carriage in non-liner transportation to which the Rotterdam Rules apply either because of article 7 of the Rules or because the parties have voluntarily incorporated them into a contract to which the Rules would not otherwise apply. However, if the Rotterdam Rules apply to a transport document or electronic transport record in non-liner transportation under article 7 of the Rules, an arbitration agreement in that contract will be subject to Chapter 15, unless it identifies the parties to and the date of the charterparty or other contract excluded from the application of the rules under Article 6; and incorporates by specific reference the clause in the charterparty or other contract that contains the terms of the arbitration agreement.