수면부족이 직무소진과 웰빙에 미치는 영향: JD-R(직무요구-자원)모형 에서 수면부족, 직무만족, 직무소진의 매개역할을 중심으로

Job burnout, job dissatisfaction, and poor mental health among workers have been found to be major reasons for job failure. Research focus, therefore, has been on elucidating the factors that cause work-related burnout and poor quality of life in organizations. Among the many causes, poor working conditions is considered as likely main causes of burnout and poor well-being. Thus, it becomes critical to understand the relationships among working conditions, job satisfaction, burnout, and workers' well-being. The Job Demands-Resources(JD-R) model suggests that job characteristics have impact on employee well-being. More specifically, the model proposes that job demands are the main predictors of job strain while job resources are the most important pre야ctors of work engagement. Drawing from the JD-R model, we propose that job demands and job resources influence employee well-being. In particular, we suggest sleep deprivation as a key mechanism that can explain the relationship between job characteristics and employee well-being. Our path equation model indicates that excessive job demands and enough job resources are directly associated with job dissatisfaction and sleep deprivation, and indirectly associated with burnout and poor mental well-being. Using a heterogeneous sample of 471 workers at diverse organizations, we conducted a structural equations modeling. Our finding confirms the relationships from job demands to sleep deprivation and satisfaction, and from job resources to satisfaction. We further found strong effects of sleep deprivation and satisfaction on burnout and well-being. Job resources and job satisfaction seemed stronger factors predicting burnout than job demands and sleep deprivation were. In addition, we conducted a multi-group path analysis to generate separate subgroup models of male and female group. The results show that the amount of sleeping hours is related to job satisfaction to a greater extent for female workers than for male workers. These findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying the relationships among job characteristics, sleep deprivation, burnout, and workers' mental well-being. Theoretical, practical implications as well as future directions and limitations are discussed.