연구개발제휴 방식과 기업의 기술역량 구축과의 관계에 대한 연구: 제휴 기술의 속성, 흡수역량, 파트너 간 기술 거리의 조절 효과를 중심으로

R&D alliance is a good way for innovative firms to forge internal technological capability from external technology sources through knowledge acquisition and organizational learning. However, the impact of R&D alliance on firms' performance has not always been positive because of the lack of capabilities to absorb outside resources and to manage alliance relationship between partners. Therefore, strategic approach is necessary for firms to elicit successful output from R&D alliance and to forge their technology capabilities by reciprocal relationship with partners. This study aims to analyze the impact of the alignment of the type of R&D alliances, technology characteristics, and firms' capabilities on the growth of technology capability. The type of R&D alliance was categorized into two groups such as unilateral contract-based alliance and bilateral contract-based alliance from a relation theory perspective and their impacts on technology capability were discussed. The interaction effects of technology characteristics and firms' absorptive capability with the type of alliance on technology capability were then analyzed. The result shows that bilateral contract-based alliance has a positive impact on the raise of technology capability compared with unilateral contract-based alliance generally. However, unilateral alliance was proved to be more effective to forge technological capability when technology is not complex and composed of explicit knowledge. The analysis of interaction effect of absorptive capability and technology distance between partners with the type of R&D alliance showed absorptive capability and moderate technology distance have positive moderating effects on firms' technology capability.