단독가구의 소비지출패턴 유형 및 결정요인 분석

This findings are based on survey conducted in 2012 as part of the 7th Korea Welfare Panel Study, to illustrate factors that determined spending patterns and their determinants for one-person households in Korea. Our findings showed that spending patterns of one-person households could be categorized into five types:(1) The reclusive type―those who had expenses mainly related to home cooking;(2) The sociable and domestic type―those who had expenses related to home cooking, furniture, religious expenses, and cash gifting;(3) The healthcare-oriented type―those who spent mainly on medical services;(4) The monthly tenant and outgoing type―those who spent on monthly rent and transportation; and (5) The stylish and happy-to-be-single type―those who spent on decorating, eating-out, and entertainment. The majority among the reclusive and healthcare-oriented type were over the age of 70 year, did not have enough money for activities other than home cooking and medical services, and were identified as vulnerable groups. The sociable and domestic type―the majority of who were in the age bracket of 60-70 years―were active in their old age, and enjoyed both domestic and social life. By contrast, the monthly tenant and outgoing type, the majority of who were between 20-30 years, were insecure both jobs and housing despite having the highest level of education and the second highest ordinary income within the five types. The stylish and happy-to-be-single type, which comprised males in their 20s and females in the age group of 30-50, had the highest ordinary income, and most had full-time jobs. We found that the stylish and happy-to-be-single type spent a lot of money on clothing and accessories and on enjoying their life as singles. The main determinants for one-person households are level of education and an ordinary income. Level of education has a positive impact on the likelihood of falling within the social and domestic type, and reduces the probability of being a reclusive and healthcare-oriented type. Similarly, ordinary income positively influences the likelihood of being included in the stylish and happy-to-be-single type, while reducing the probability of being a reclusive type and a healthcare-oriented type. The findings of this study will be useful for businesses that have one-person households as customers, policy makers who want to support vulnerable one-person households, and researchers interested in one-person households.