청소년의 오프라인 일탈과 온라인 일탈에서 인지된 집합효율성의 통제 효과

This study contributes to the current research on adolescents’ delinquency bycomparing online delinquency and offline delinquency. Unlike offline delinquency,online delinquency is likely committed anonymously and, therefore, offline socialcontrol may not work for online space. This study particularly focuses oncollective efficacy that is highly regarded in the formation of adolescents’ moralityand examines if it can work as social control for online delinquency. CollectiveEfficacy means a community-level capability of residents that can solve disorderand crime spontaneously through monitoring and paying attention for public good. This study identifies two major components of collective efficacy, i.e., mutual trustamong residents and informal social control. It then estimates the effect of theperceived collective efficacy on various types of adolescents’ delinquency, using5-year(2003-2007) panel data from National Youth Panel Survey. In terms of relational control, parental attachment shows a limited effect for offlinedelinquency only while teacher attachment is a significant control factor for onlinedelinquency. In terms of collective efficacy, mutual trust rather than informal socialcontrol functions for the decrease of online delinquency. The effect of perceivedmutual trust on online delinquency suggests the internalization of collective efficacyin online space. Because offline delinquency is affected by social relations withteacher, parents, and delinquent friends, monitoring through intimate relationships isimportant to reduce it. In contrast, because teenagers are disembedded from those intimate relationships in online space, online delinquency is reduced by theinternalization of trust which was built in offline community-neighbors.