스웨덴 거주 이주민의 사회적 배제의 실태와 원인

The immigrants in Sweden have long been regarded well-integrated into the Swedish society, enjoying high level social rights at least at the dimension of formal institutions and policies. They are, however, actually socially excluded or isolated in many aspects. They are ill-integrated into the labor market and not so much integrated into the social welfare system as the Swedish citizens. And we can see clearly the residential segregation and the workplace segregation by ethic groups. This article devised the analytical framework of ‘the social rights regime for immigrants’ to explain the causes of ‘de jure inclusion, de facto exclusion’ of the immigrants in Sweden. The social rights regime for immigrants is composed of many institutions and policies regarding citizenship, rights to work, welfare rights, and cultural rights of immigrants. This article explained the mechanism of the social exclusion of the immigrants in Sweden, focusing on ‘the institutional discord’ among the institutions and policies constituting the social rights regime for immigrants. Especially it emphasized that the immigration policies and multiculturalism since 1970s have been caught in the institutional discord with the labor market institutions, and this in turn, has made it imperfect the integration of immigrants into the social welfare system, for many social welfare programs connect welfare benefits to recipients’ employment status.