미국 공공부문 단체교섭제도 변화연구: 위스컨신주 사례를 중심으로

In the United States, the private sector and public sector differ in various ways. Especially,public sector labor law is composed of a wide variety of state and local laws, and accordingly thestudy on the U.S. collective bargaining laws in the public sector is a great help to understandvarious institutional approaches in the public sector. More specifically, the study focuses on thecase of Wisconsin in order to figure out the general feature of the U.S. collective bargaining andthe recent changes in the U.S. public sector. Wisconsin was the first state in the United States to provide collective bargaining rights topublic employees in 1959, accordingly the state was famous for the high level of the uniondensity and bargaining power. Before 2011, Wisconsin had three similar public sector labor lawson the model of private sector labor law, National Labor Relations Act. However, the Budget Repair Bill, Act 10 in 2011 made huge changes to these laws. Thesechanges involve eliminating collective bargaining right for some employees, limiting the scope ofbargaining, imposing a mandatory recertification system and so on. The changes in the collectivebargaining law may deeply influence not only public sector industrial relations in Wisconsin, butalso of other states as well. This study explores the impact of the changes in the labor laws onthe industrial relations in the public sector along with comparing 2011 Act 10 with formercollective bargaining laws in Wisconsin.