접속수역 제도의 역사적 전개와 법적 성격

Within the contiguous zone the coastal state may exercise the control necessary to prevent and punish infringement of its customs, fiscal, immigration, or sanitary laws and regulations within its territory or territorial sea. In all other respects the contiguous zone is actually an area subject to high seas freedom of navigation, overflight, and related freedoms, such as the conduct of military exercises. It could be said that the concept of the contiguous zone was developed through the confrontation and compromise between the maritime powers and coastal states. Taking into account these backgrounds, this article deals with history and legal status of the contiguous zone regime as well as its modern significance. Specifically, this article examines relevant state practice of the United Kingdom and the United States. The two countries have been traditional Maritime Powers for centuries and have mainly contributed to the development of the concept of the contiguous zone. This article also examines various discussions about the issue at the learned societies such as the Institute of International Law and the International Law Association. It further deals with the 1930 Hague Conference, the 1958 Geneva Conference, and academic debates on the topic between celebrated jurists. And Korea’s position on the topic is reviewed in the concluding remarks in the context of changing maritime circumstances.