방글라데시 정치불안의 원인과 정치제도 개선방안 - 방글라데시 헌법상 선거와 정당을 중심으로 -

Bangladesh is a country which has a huge domestic market of 160 million population and has grown by 6% over the past five years. As Bangladesh’s economy is 31st of the world’s economies in purchasing power, the significance of economic sector has been growing in the country. On the other hand, the country has troubled to promote rapid economic growth for the reasons of political insecurity and social overhead capital facilities in poor. This thesis is focusing on examining reality of politics and political system of Bangladesh and is trying to suggest the improvements based on these problems. Bangladesh became independent from Pakistan in 1972, and established the structure of state and politics by enacting Constitution. Nevertheless, the country has history that the leadership continually has been changed between electoral democracy and military government, president and parliament during 40 years after independent. Above all, the reason can be found in an inflexible system of political party and undemocratic election procedure. The power is largely concentrated in the representative of party in operating of political party. And the activities of belonged member of parliament are intimidated for the election system has been changed each time to hold an election. Therefore it could not overcome the dispute about legality of election always. Especially, a long-standing feud between Awami League(AL), Bangladesh National Party(BNP) as major political parties provides main cause on this situation. To solve these problems and establishing democratic and reasonable system of politics, first, it needs to build method for dialogue and cooperation between political parties. Second, with preparation of institutional system for solving absence of reliability in election, third, it needs to intensify effectiveness of parliament system through improvement of election and political party system.