두 개의 마르크스, 이념의 복원과 전술적 교훈

From the beginning, Korean democratic labor movement has sufferedfrom the loss of strategic goal and the lack of tactical means accordinglybecause of the collapse of Soviet Union. The crisis of 2008 provided themoment to change this situation. Marx was back and the discussions onstrategic goal were revived. But there is an important obstacle to revitalizethose discussions. That is just the “failed Marx” of Soviet Union and“returned Marx” as such should not be identical with “failed Marx”. Therefore it is the viewpoint of this paper that the revitalization of thediscussions on strategic goal should start from discriminating two Marxsand resolve the confusion between these two. At first, this paper examinesthe controversy on the dictatorship of proletariat between Karl Kautskyand Bolsheviks as the theoretical origin of two Marxs and examineshistorical experiences of Soviet Union compared with Paris Commune asthose practical origin. From these examinations it was concluded that thediscrimination of two Marxs lies in the tactical means(Synthesis), not inthe strategic goal(Antithesis) and discriminated factor is productivepower and democracy. And then this paper examines the domesticarguments on “returned Marx” and concludes that discussion ofrestoration of strategy in Korean labor movement should be focused ontactical means.