우리나라 원전 거버넌스의 과제와 방향

By whom and how are nuclear power generation policies determined? To answer this question, this paper identified the importance and necessity of governance on nuclear power generation based on civil participation as an essential aspect through theoretical resources, figured out problems of current nuclear governance while exploring relevant laws and administrative systems, and then proposed ways to improve them. Nuclear power-related laws are prepared in the diverse areas of nuclear power promotion, safety management, organizations, nuclear waste, and power generation. There are mainly two ministries in charge of nuclear-related administration. One is the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning comprehensively dealing with nuclear research and development and another is the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy in charge of integrating and coordinating nuclear generation-related affairs. There are governance bodies devoted to nuclear power such as the atomic energy commission, nuclear safety and security commission and there are several governance bodies dealing with nuclear issues including the energy committee and deliberative council on electricity policy. Currently, nuclear governance is inadequate in light of its member compositions and operational system. It only pursues nuclear promotion as a basic direction based on a techno-engineering perspective and very reluctant information disclosure. It is necessary to make actors with diverse voices from various sectors participate in governance bodies in order to realize the concept of governance more actively and to fully discover relevant information including stenographic records in order to achieve openness and accountability of discussions. It is required to institutionalize these through amendment of relevant laws.