환상과 현실의 길항: 불가코프의 세 희곡을 중심으로

This paper studies the relationship between fiction and virtual, fantasy and reality in M. Bulgakov's three plays(“Flight”, “Adam and Eve”, “Ivan Basilyevich”), which show well the typical characteristics of fantasy among his plays. For M. Bulgakov, fantasy category is like a secret passage that can help to recognize the essence and structure of reality. Although his plays have a wide variety of subjects and many kinds of techniques, there is a consistent theme of the combination of reality and fantasy, based on gender-specific feature, called conditions(условность) in the drama. The various types of fantasy (dreams, nightmares, delusions, virtual, past and future) that appeared in his plays, increase the reproduction of literary reality, despite they are not able to coexist with reality. In his plays, fantasy is far from destroying the literary reality, but rather enhances the vision of reality. Features of his theatrical techniques moved the his own subjective awareness of contemporary reality and phenomena to horizons of fantasy through a variety of fantastic imagination and rich literary reminiscence, and it was the core of his plays, written in 1920-1930's.