경기상황과 일반은행 유동성과의 관계

In this study we examine the influence of business circumstances on the liquidity ratio of general banks in Korea. We assume that there is significant negative relation between liquidity ratio of general banks and GDP growth ratio to strength solvency ability in economic downturns. Our empirical hypothesis is that GDP growth ratio influence significantly negative on the liquidity ratio of general banks. In this study we substitute GDP growth ratio for business circumstances. We analyse financial statements of general banks that consist of 7 commercial banks and 6 local banks covering the period of 2007～2013 to verify empirical hypothesis. To verify empirical hypothesis we employ least square regression method in which dependent variable is liquidity ratio of general banks and independent variables are non performing loan ratio, GDP growth ratio, capital ratio, profitability, loan loss reserve ratio, the natural log of total assets, the ratio of total loan to tatal asset. Our empirical results are as follows. First, the coefficient of GDP growth ratio is significantly positive at 10% attention level. This shows that although explanatory power is a little week, GDP growth ratio influences negatively on the liquidity ratio of general banks. Thus our empirical hypothesis is accepted. Second, the coefficient of capital ratio is significantly positive. This means that current asset almost always increase in accordance with capital growth. Third, the coefficient of scale substitution variable is significantly negative. This means that large banks keep lower liquidity ratio than small banks.