재생에너지 발전설비에 대한 주민 수용성 제고 방안

Globally, meetings and discussions for climate change mitigation have been animated with each country submitting INDC before COP 21 in Paris. The IEA already suggested decarbonization pathways in energy sector to limit the average global temperature increase of 2℃ and it revealed power sector especially has much potential of CO2 emissions reduction. According to the IEA analysis, renewable energy source(RES) among low carbon energies (or technologies) is crucial to realize decarbonization pathways. RES projects usually face to several challenges such as technology, financing, law and institution, and acceptance. the Reliability of renewable technologies has been improved and the economics of RES projects has also been getting better with help of regulatory policies such as RPS and FIT. However, local acceptance of those projects is still hard to solve, though social acceptance and support of RES projects have been strengthened. The conflicts surrounding renewable energy facilities, especially wind turbines often break out. EU recognized that raising local acceptance of renewable energy facilities is key to meet renewable energy target. The more the deployment of RES increase, the less environmentally sound and economically attractive sites decrease and the more conflicts and oppositions related to RES projects tend to occur frequently. To raise local acceptance, distribution justice should be emphasized and it has been conceptualized as Benefit Sharing Mechanisms(BSM). The most effective tool among BSMs is known as community power which means that local citizens participate in ownership and operation of RES projects with various levels. This study explored how to raise local acceptance of wind turbines in terms of distribution justice by analyzing references, cases and interviews. in conclusion, three measures can be deduced to promote local citizen involvement in wind projects from a domestic perspective. Firstly, Public institutions can initiate wind projects and give local citizens a chance to invest in. Secondly, communities or local cooperatives can develop the projects and provide financial benefits to shareholders composed of local citizens. Thirdly, local citizens can invest their money into private RES projects through crowd funding. If community owned or participated wind projects are realized, they will contribute to mitigating the local citizens’ negative attitude to wind turbines. Furthermore, community power can also help to raise social acceptance of RES projects.