미국의 재난대응체계의 규범적 고찰과 시사점

Since there have been many natural disasters and terrors constantly, each country in the world has been trying to develop and organize the disaster management systems and legal frameworks. Especially, after 9ㆍ11 terrorists attack and a catastrophic hurricane Katrina in the United States, the federal government has reorganized the integral disaster management system in order to efficiently handle the crisis, and to administrate assistance to the victims of the disasters, newly establishing Department of Homeland Security and relocating the Federal Emergency Management Agency under the Department of Homeland Security. As such, after Korea has suffered the Sewol ferry disaster, many criticisms have occurred with respect to the inefficiency and inexpert crisis management system. Hence, the Korean government has also established the Ministry of Public Safety and Security in order to efficiently rescue and assist the disaster victims, reorganizing the disaster management systems and revising the disaster and security management act. The ministry of Public Safety and Security should be playing an important role as a control tower like the Department of Homeland Security of the United States over the variety of disasters, based on the revised disaster and security management act. In this regard, this article focuses on the normative examination of the federal crisis management system of the United States in details, which, hopefully, allows many practical implications to the Korean crisis management system in the future.