간호사간 직장내 괴롭힘 발생률에 관한 체계적 문헌고찰과 메타분석

Purpose: This study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of workplace bullying among nurses and examine the effect of moderate factors. Methods: Studies that assessed nursing workplace bullying using the negative act questionnaire developed by Einarsen et al. were searched for in 8 databases. The pooled prevalence was calculated with overall event rate and meta-ANOVA was performed for subgroup analysis. A funnel plot and Egger’s linear regression asymmetry test were performed to confirm the publication bias of meta-analyzed studies. Results: A total of 23 studies (N=11,748) were included in the systematic review, and 14 studies (N=4,585) that reported prevalence using operational criteria of victim were selected for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of workplace bullying was 22.2% (95% CI: 19.0~25.7). Domestic studies reported lower prevalence than international studies (18.6% vs. 27.0%, Q=8.75, p =.003). The prevalences were different according to publication year (30.6% in 2008~2010, 19.5% in 2011~2014, 21.8% in 2015, Q=11.89, p =.003). Studies that recruited only new nurses reported higher prevalence than others (28.4% vs. 20.6%, Q=3.92, p =.048). Publication bias was not found. Conclusions: Workplace bullying is prevalent in the nursing profession, and is more serious for new graduate nurses. Individual and organizational measures for preventing workplace bullying among nurses need to be sought.