선박으로부터의 오염방지를 위한 국제협약상 의무준수 - 미국의 사례를 중심으로 -

The International community has constantly tried to improve the structural and technological requirements of seagoing vessels and prevent the discharge standard of oil and other waste into the ocean so as to preclude the degradation of the ocean environment and the substantial negative impact it can have on relevant industries. Such efforts have led to the creation of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL 73/78). Like other multilateral environmental agreements, MARPOL 73/8 has its own compliance mechanism to ensure its effective implementation and compliance. The United States has introduced unique compliance measures of MARPOL 73/78 for the purpose of preventing the pollution of its ocean environment by ships. For instance, the U.S. has consistently inspected the oil record books of vessels to find evidence of illegal oil discharge, and it has punished those vessels falsifying their record books. Although South Korea has increasingly used the port state control measures, inspecting foreign vessels to verify their compliance with international agreements such as MARPOL 73/78, I believe that the country needs to consider the introduction of more affirmative actions such as those that have been adopted by the United States. In this regard, South Korea may need to reinforce financial and personnel resources for that purpose.