「시민적 및 정치적 권리에 관한 국제규약」 채택 50년 - 규약의 발전과 이행

On 16 December 2016 it will be 50 years since the UN General Assembly adopted the two human rights covenants, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). This article commemorates the 50th anniversary of the adoption of the two codes and reflect on the development of ICCPR over the last 50 years and review the current implementation situation. First, this article examined the procedural history to adopt the ICCPR, the history of the last 50 years after its adoption and then look at the ICCPR rights content and key institutions. Next, this article reviewed the overall compliance and implementation of the ICCPR through the operational status of the ICCPR's major systems. Finally, this article assessed the implementation status of Korea. ICCPR includes the most important rights, including life, equality and freedom. The States have the obligation to guarantee these rights, and the Human Rights Committee have the mandate to review the national report, monitor the implementation of the ICCPR and receive individual communications. The Human Rights Committee also provides a basis for interpreting and applying the ICCPR visions through general commentary. UN human rights organizations, including the Human Rights Committee, have been working to improve the system in order to operate the system more effectively. However, what is most important for the compliance and implementation of the ICCPR is the active and positive attitude of the States, including the willingness of the States to protect the human rights and the submission of national reports without delay.