중국 보건의료정책의 변동과 효과가 우리나라에 주는 시사점 - 일차의료 강화 및 의료산업화 과정을 중심으로 -

The demand of medical services has been consistently increasing in China with economic growth and population aging. They have acknowledged the needs of improvement on primary care system to solve the problems such as "Kan bing nan, Kan bing gui"(getting medical care is difficult and expensive) and have been supporting it for decades. The purpose of the study is to overview the Chinese Health Care System, examine change in policy and its effect and draw implication from it. Promoting community health service (CHS) has become a prioritized policy agenda, in line with the Chinese government’'s overall goal of re-strengthening primary care networks based on community health centers (CHCs) since early 1997. Resultingly, compared with a 1.45-fold increase in hospital constructions between 2002 and 2014, there was a dramatic increase by 3.30-fold in the number of CHCs from 2002 to 2007 (8,211 versus 27,069), followed by a mild increase from 2010 to 2014 by which the number of CHCs exceeded that of hospitals (34,238 versus 25,860). The enhanced service provision also resulted from the rising number of medical practitioners working at CHCs (173,838 in 2013 versus 19,451 in 2002). Since 2002, the number of daily clinical consultations per doctor at CHCs has increased by 25.6%(15.7 versus 12.5 in 2013). Korea needs the continuous national supports of primary medical care in a long-term perspective and institutional supports to enable the health delivery system between doctors and hospitals.