영업시간 제한 사례를 통한 유통산업발전법의 효과 분석

Purpose: This study investigates the effectiveness of the business hour restriction and obligatory shutdown day under Distribution Industry Law as a case study of legislative impact assessment. Research design, data, and methodology: Contingent valuation method(CVM) using double bounded dichotomous choice questions has been employed to estimate the expected change in sales of selected targeting stores under the restriction of business hour. We conduct the survey to the administrators of large-scale store including super supermarket (SSM) and traditional market stores in the Seoul, Republic of Korea, to ask the expected change in sales under business hour restriction reinforcement or repeal. Results: We found that the benefits (increase of sales) of traditional market is greater than the costs (reduction of sales) of large-scale stores under the restriction of business hour. More specifically, the change in sales of traditional market follows “-5.3%→Current level→10.6%” when the level of business hour restriction follows “Restriction repeal→Current level→Restriction reinforcement”, which ends up to 15.3% increase in sales with restriction reinforcement relative to restriction repeal. On the other hand, the change in sales of large-scale store follows “-1.03%→Current level→9.6%” when the level of business hour restriction follows “Restriction reinforcement→Current level→Restriction repeal”, which ends up to 10.6% increase in sales with restriction repeal relative to restriction reinforcement. Conclusions: We found that the business hour restriction reduces the total sales of entire distribution industry, and thus reduces the social welfare. Therefore, we can conclude that business hour restriction under Distribution Development Industry Law can reduce social efficiency by reducing the sales of entire distribution industry, while that achieves social equity.