한국의 노동자들은 노동조합을 어떻게 보는가?: 노조 태도의 영향요인에 관한 탐색

This study aims to explore the factors that affect the workers’ attitudes and perceptions toward labor unions in contemporary Korea using data collected by a national social survey in 2015. This study divided union attitudes into two categories, namely pro-union and anti-union attitudes. In order to identify determinants influencing the union attitudes, theoretical hypotheses were developed and validated with the binary logistic regression analysis. Summary of key findings is as follows. First, the size of enterprise was a major factor on differences in union attitudes. Compared to workers in large companies, employees in small businesses are highly critical to the labor union. Second, both workers' class consciousness and their pro-welfare attitudes are significantly associated with positive attitudes on labor union. Third, the degree of participation on voluntary associations and the anti-union attitudes show a negative relationship. This means that the activation of civic engagement could significantly weaken the anti-unionism. Finally, labor union membership status and wage levels have a limited impact on union attitudes. Overall, given that the perception of the union efficacy appears to be very large, it is possible to confirm that the potential demand for unionization is huge. However, there is a strong anti-union propensity among employees in small-and-medium sized companies, low-educated workers, and blue-collars workers. This suggests that there are actual difficulties in raising organizing rate or enhancing the social influence of labor unions in the future.