유니버설 디자인 개념을 적용한 ATM 디자인 연구

Background The elderly tend to encounter problems when using both the physical and graphic user interfaces of ATMs. The visually impaired find it inconvenient to carry an earphone whenever they need to make banking transactions. wheelchair users have difficulty accessing ATMs. This study aims to design an ATM for all users including the elderly, the visually impaired, and wheelchair users. Methods First, the characteristics and considerations by user, and the components of the ATM were identified. Second, usability tests on the elderly, visually impaired persons and wheelchair users were conducted to draw issues and requirements when using an ATM. Third, design guidelines for the ATM were elicited by combining the results of literature studies and the usability tests. Fourth, a prototype of the ATM was created based on the guideline. Results In the proposed ATM, the elderly and others who may require assistance with standing will be able to hold a part acting like a handle and a hanger for personal belongings will also be attached to the front of the ATM. Controls are arranged within reach range of user hands so that both tall users and wheelchair users will be able to use the ATM, and the knee space will provide easier wheelchair access. A handset will allow the visually impaired to make bank transactions without carrying an earphone. Conclusions Through this study, an ATM for which the universal design concept is applied was proposed. The universal design guideline on the PUI and GUI of the ATM created in the process of this study can be utilized to design public automatic machines such as ticketing machines which have similar system components.