제4차 산업혁명과 사회보장법의 과제

The 4th Industrial Revolution can be expected to have a positive effect of increasing income and improving the quality of life by enhancing productivity through information technology and high technology convergence, lowering production and transaction costs. However, as production and distribution have been replaced by artificial intelligence and robots, the gap between ‘high technology･high wages’ and ‘low technology･low wages’ has widened. In addition, the scope of the middle class has narrowed due to the polarization of jobs. This implies a negative factor that can cause employment collapse in the labor market. For this reason, there are many predictions that the Fourth Industrial Revolution will deepen the problem of low fertility, aging and income inequality. The social security system plays a pivotal role in guaranteeing the National livelihoods, and the importance will be even greater in the future. If it is expressed normatively, it should be guaranteed through 'social security system' that ‘all people shall have the right to maintain the minimum standards of wholesome and cultured living.’ This does not change the future of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The basic principle of the social security system is the distribution of social risks and income redistribution based on social solidarity. Social risk diversification is the principle of insurance, and redistribution of income is a burden on the economy. In order to secure increased social security resources and to maintain the fairness of redistribution of income, it is effective to unify the social insurance premiums with a method of withholding them according to the total wages and to directly cover the insufficient resources. In particular, clarifying the purpose of taxation for social security, together with efforts to reduce the public's rejection of taxes and distrust, can be a successful social security system in preparation for the Fourth Industrial Revolution.