다차원 경매에서의 낙찰자 결정 요인 분석: 공공투자사업 입찰을 중심으로

The present study tries to identify determinants of winner in public procurement auction. In most public procurement auction systems, such as turkey and qualification, evaluation of a bid is not limited to price factor, rather applied to non-price factor. Recently multi-dimension auction theory has been developed to analyze those auction systems. Theoretically, scoring auction which evaluates price and non-price factors at the same time turns out to be superior to price competition after pre-qualification. However there is explicit limit to apply this result to practical operation. Qualification is one of multi-dimension procurement auction systems in Korea, which covers projects less than 30 Billion KRW. Empirical result reveals that price factor is the main determinant of winner in qualification. However, current qualification system is criticized since non-price factor has negligible effect in determining winner while score in price factor tends to be given randomly. This fact indicates that improvement of current qualification system should be needed. In the case of turnkey, analysis shows that both price factor and non-price factor have significant effect on determining winner. Under turnkey system, collusion among bidders are possible and several collusion cases have been detected. If weight of score on price factor were increased, then possibility of collusion would be decreased. As score in non-price factor is given by qualitative evaluation of evaluators, decreasing weight of score on non-price factor could enhance transparency and fairness in evaluation process. This study provides empirical results on multi-dimension procurement auction and explains bidding behavior during bidding process. Further research should focus on linking bidding behavior in a certain procurement system with purpose of that system.